Pre-ONSeT: Pre-operative nutrition to support tissue protein synthesis
Can we use pre-operative nutrition to stimulate protein synthesis rates in various tissues in the operated area?
In this project, researchers from Maastricht University, Dutch Medical Food, and Amsterdam UMC collaborate to establish the stimulatory effects of protein-rich nutrition in the acute pre-operative period on protein synthesis (i.e., tissue buildup) rates of various musculoskeletal tissues.
Despite the negative impact of pre-operative malnourishment, including excessive pre-operative fasting, there is a lack of attention and awareness of pre-operative nutritional optimization. Though providing nutrition close to surgery has been suggested to improve overall nutritional status as well as surgery outcome and subsequent recovery, knowledge on underlying foundations at a tissue level is lacking. This is becoming even more important considering the ever-increasing number of surgeries needed within our aging society. For example, the number of hip and knee replacement surgeries already exceeds 75,000 per year in the Netherlands, and is expected to more than double over the next decades. In this project, they will determine the stimulatory effects of pre-operative protein-rich nutrition on protein synthesis in a large selection of musculoskeletal tissues to provide proof-of-principle for the beneficial effects of pre-operative nutritional optimization.
Thirty men and women scheduled for total hip replacement will be divided in a group ingesting a protein-rich drink and a group ingesting a non-caloric placebo drink in the hours before surgery. They will use so-called tracer methodology and collect blood as well as tissue biopsies during the surgery to calculate the protein synthesis (i.e. tissue buildup) rates of various tissues to compare pre-operative protein ingestion with pre-operative fasting. The fundamental, mechanistic insight from this project will serve as a proof-of-concept, establishing the anabolic responsiveness and remodeling potential of various tissues when pre-operative nutrition is provided. This will provide key leads for future scientific and industrial projects aimed to improve tissue recovery and surgical outcomes, based on which peri-operative nutritional strategies can be further developed and/or improved.
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